In some ancient times, after the end of the last ice age about 12 000 years ago, the development of modern civilization began. Scientific studies tell us about the period of 100 000 years long winter during which most of the Earth’s northern hemisphere was covered in ice. And then, suddenly, the ice began to melt, sea levels sharply begun to rise, the Baltic was connected with the North Sea, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea were merged and in the myths of many nations remained a legend of the great flood, in our society remembered by the biblical story of Noah and his ark.
The Sun has finally won the battle; it brought the warmth to the frozen man, awakened life in the wild and gave our ancestors the ability to initiate a far freer life filled with riches of fertile land. Mankind had to feel immense gratitude towards the Sun. It has become the foundation of a new life, a road map for hunting, gathering berries and the beginnings of farming. The Sun has become a deity which manifested itself on the Earth and each deity of such force deserves to be respected and at least vaguely understood.
From ancient mythology number 4 is connected with the symbolism of material existence. The sun “falls” to the ground in order to demonstrate and assist man and on the 4 key dates in the year (spring and autumn equinox, winter and summer solstice) it reaches a certain level of its power and seemingly changes direction of motion. Since ancient times, people celebrated these dates and today in the Christian world we celebrate them as Christmas, Easter, Midsummer Eve and holidays dedicated to the Virgin Mary before the autumnal equinox.
large number of religions perceives idea of Deity trough the number 3. In Hinduism there is the – Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva, the supreme god of ancient Peruvians Illp appears as the Father, the Younger Son and the Older Son; the North American Indians Storm God was described as Thunder-Thunder-Lightning and in the Christian world we are talking about the Holy Trinity – Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
The Sun-God (3) manifest itself on Earth through the 4 seasons on 4 key dates and its imagined path on the ecliptic is divided into 12 equal parts (4 × 3). In this relation we find a symbolism of the number 12 and all its symbolism is associated with the display of the Sun in earthly boundaries. There is the meaning of the 12 signs of the zodiac as 12 solar phases, of Jesus’ 12 apostles as the originators of the people of God in the ideal / completed / divine world, with 12 gates and 12 foundations. There are 12 tribes of Israel, 12 gods of Olympus in ancient Greece, the 12 sons of the supreme Norse god Odin, while Shiite Muslims celebrate 12 Imams as the legitimate successors of the prophet Muhammad.
In honor of the Sun God, many nations built spectacular buildings around the world. From Stonehenge in England to the Pyramid of the Sun in Teotihuacan, Mexico, and over the last 20 years an unusual archaeological site – Gobekli Tepe in southeastern Turkey –is forcing researchers to rethink about the settings on which the present perception of Neolithic history is standing. This monumental building is the earliest example of religious architecture and it was created more than 10 000 years ago. Until now it was assumed that for the construction of such ventures only people who lived sedentary farming-life were capable while in this case the builders were hunters and gatherers, nomads and wanderers; people who did not have a permanent place of residence but nevertheless built a temple in honor of someone or something. There is no final conclusion, although it seems that the Sun might be good enough motif.
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